Impact Analysis of Land Use and Land Cover Change on Karez in Turpan Basin of China

Karez systems are ancient hydraulic works that use underground waterways to divert water by gravity and have historically been popular in arid regions across Central Asia. undergone thousands of years development used for irrigation 40 countries worldwide. Although there different opinions about the origin karezes, role significance karezes similar. The Turpan Basin is a relatively closed inland basin China, far from ocean, with very dry climate high evaporation rates. However, due ice snow meltwater Tianshan Mountains, groundwater resources abundant. Karezes an important support Turpan’s farming civilization tourism culture represent great masterpiece how people areas natural environment. This study historical CORONA images visually interpret karez system 1970s compared it 2020 analyze spatial distribution variation characteristics karezes. impact land use/land cover change on was also analyzed. results showed 1970 2020, as population grew, increase arable built-up while area decreased. In general, areas, decrease area, number electromechanical wells combined reduce systems. Based image 1970, possible visualize shaft existed but did not exist 2020. Some shafts bare terrain were truncated when type changed land. where disappeared located approximately 87.77 square kilometers. Through changes this research provides valuable reference construction conservation or urban planning. investigation studying excavating cultural value